Paint is a type of fluid or powder. It is coated on the surface of the object and dried or cured by natural or artificial methods to form a thin film. Covering and attaching it evenly on the surface of the object can play a protective, decorative and other role. According to different situations, the scratch coating has the required properties, such as anti-penetration, strong adhesion, flatness, uniformity, chemical resistance and wear resistance. A coating that can form a colorless transparent paint film is called a varnish.

Composition of paint

The composition of different types or coatings produced by different manufacturers is very different. To better understand coatings, the four main components of coatings are discussed below. Generally speaking, most coatings consist of four components: pigments, volatile substances, binders, and additives.

1.Pigment

Pigments are fine powders that are insoluble in water, solvents and tired. They mainly give paint color and hiding power. Its important functions are as follows:

-Light-shielding property- its covering effect on the surface of the object or the original coating.

-Color-produces visual effects.

-Corrosion resistance-Corrosion is a phenomenon caused by the contact of objects with the environment. Some pigments can effectively prevent the occurrence of damage.

-Adjustability-Pigments can significantly change the mechanical properties (toughness, impact resistance, etc.) and flow properties (leveling, viscosity, brushability, etc.) of the coating.

2.Volatile substances

Generally speaking, the speed of volatile substances at a certain temperature is faster than that of distilled water. Although water is also used as a volatile substance in coatings, the category of "volatile substance" does not include water. The terms "thinner" and "solvent" can be used to more accurately describe these substances. These two words are interchangeable, but they are distinguished in different situations. If it is used to dissolve the adhesive, it is called a solvent. If it is used to dilute the coating, it is called thinner.

Under normal circumstances, the paint in transportation and storage state has high viscosity. Spraying with this paint has a poor fogging effect. The surface of the paint will form orange peel lines, and more paint will be consumed to ensure Evenness. Solvent dilution can solve this problem. The right solvent improves the degree of atomization and makes the system easier to clean.

3.Base material

The base is a part of the paint (the paint is a mixture of the base and the solvent), and when it is applied as a thin film, it solidifies. It allows the pigments to bind together and eventually cling to the surface of the object. The base material can be oil, resin or a mixture of the two.

-Oil

This is about vegetable oils, not mineral and animal oils. Various vegetable oils are an important part of many synthetic resins and varnishes. Alkyd resin series is the most widely used among synthetic resins. Most alkyd resins contain one, two or even more vegetable oils.

-Resin

It can be said that all industrial parts have used alkyd resins as liquid base materials or used alkyd resins as plasticizers when painting products. Soybean oil or castor oil modified alkyd resin is an important part of drying enamel for automotive, electrical appliances and other industrial products. At 130-140 ° C, the alkyd resin is crosslinked and cured by polymerization.

4.Additives

  Although the additive only accounts for 1-2% of the coating, it plays a key role in the physical and chemical characteristics of the coating. According to the actual situation, the additive has the following effects.

-Improved coating characteristics: anti-skinning, anti-floating, anti-blooming, defoaming and viscosity adjustment, etc .;

-Prevent paint deterioration during storage: anti-precipitation, anti-corrosion, freeze-thaw stability;

-Easy to coat: thickening, anti-sagging, coalescence;

-Make the coating film have ideal characteristics: brightening, extinction, sterilization and mildew resistance, anti-scratch, anti-slip, and drying.